Quick-Revision Knowledge: Revision and References

Shared revision, practice questions, answer explanations and references from the original module.

By Akhilesh Saini

Module CA-11 — Consolidated final revision

Use this table as a last-minute check, not a substitute for reading the preceding explanations. When a row seems unfamiliar, return to its corresponding lesson and the earlier module indicated.

If the exam says…Think of…Review lesson
Executes instructions / arithmetic and logicCPU / ALUCA-02-02
Volatile workspace / persistent storageRAM / SSDCA-02-05, CA-02-06
Detects written characters / marked bubbles / magnetic-ink cheque lineOCR / OMR / MICRCA-02-03
Operating-system resource controlOS (system software)CA-03-02
Relatively human-friendly command interfaceGUI / CLICA-03-04
Character code / character encodingUnicode / UTF-8CA-04-03
Formula recalculates after copyingRelative/absolute referenceCA-05-03
Website name records / full addressDNS / URLCA-06-03
Hidden email recipient / visible additional recipientBCC / CCCA-06-05
Local frames / inter-network packetsSwitch / RouterCA-07-04
32-bit / 128-bit / usually 48-bit addressIPv4 / IPv6 / Ethernet MACCA-07-06
Web / outgoing mail / inbox synchronizationHTTP / SMTP / IMAPCA-07-07
Records, tables, relational keysDatabase / DBMS / SQLCA-08-01 to CA-08-04
Host-attached / autonomously spreading / disguised malwareVirus / Worm / TrojanCA-09-01
Email / text / call social engineeringPhishing / Smishing / VishingCA-09-02
Identity proof / access rightsAuthentication / AuthorizationCA-09-04
Confidentiality / digest / origin-integrity proofEncryption / Hash / Digital signatureCA-09-05
Incoming credit / outgoing debitVerify receipt / Review before authorizingCA-09-08
Hosted app / hosted runtime / virtual infrastructureSaaS / PaaS / IaaSCA-10-01
Logic and technology pioneersBabbage / Lovelace / Turing / HopperCA-11-02

One-page self-testing method

  1. Read a heading (for example, network protocols) and recall four names before looking at its table.
  2. For each name, give one job and one easily confused neighbour: SMTP sends; IMAP accesses a mailbox.
  3. Attempt the associated 12 MCQs without notes, then read every answer explanation, including correctly guessed answers.
  4. Mark uncertainties in three columns: acronym, concept pair, and historical fact. Review the matching earlier lesson ID rather than repeatedly memorizing the same wrong association.
  5. On the next review, try applied scenarios first. Recognizing the correct answer when choices are visible is easier than recalling it independently.

Master exam traps to avoid

  • Do not use CPU as a synonym for the entire desktop cabinet.
  • Do not confuse a unit's printed symbol: MB and Mb differ by a factor of eight.
  • Do not treat Unicode as identical to the ASCII coding scheme.
  • Do not assume Web, Internet, browser and search engine are interchangeable.
  • Do not assume an encrypted link guarantees that the site using it is honest.
  • Do not mistake scanned QR for NFC, which is radio communication.
  • Do not accept a blanket “first computer” claim without knowing the qualifying definition.
  • Do not confuse receiving money with authorizing a payment request.

Sources and further reading

The teaching text and questions are original. These references provide authoritative context for historical facts, standards and practical safety distinctions; they are optional further reading, not prerequisites for using this module.

  1. Computer History Museum — Babbage Engine: A Brief History — Babbage, the Analytical Engine and Lovelace.
  2. Computer History Museum — Computing Timeline — historical milestones, computing systems and software development.
  3. Computer History Museum — Grace Murray Hopper — compilers, programming languages and COBOL contributions.
  4. CERN — The Birth of the Web — invention of the Web, distinct from the Internet.
  5. CERN — A Short History of the Web — early Web browser, server and project history.
  6. C-DAC — HPC Supercomputing Systems — PARAM series and indigenous supercomputing.
  7. MDN — Overview of HTTP — requests, responses and HTTP behaviour.
  8. RFC 791 — Internet Protocol and RFC 8200 — IPv6 — foundational IP versions.
  9. RFC 5737 — Documentation IPv4 Addresses and RFC 3849 — Documentation IPv6 Prefix — reserved examples.
  10. NIST — Multi-Factor Authentication — factor definitions.
  11. NIST — Phishing — phishing and impersonation.
  12. NIST SP 800-63B — Authentication Guidance — authentication and phishing resistance.