Quick-Revision Knowledge: Revision and References
Shared revision, practice questions, answer explanations and references from the original module.
By Akhilesh Saini
Module CA-11 — Consolidated final revision
Use this table as a last-minute check, not a substitute for reading the preceding explanations. When a row seems unfamiliar, return to its corresponding lesson and the earlier module indicated.
| If the exam says… | Think of… | Review lesson |
|---|---|---|
| Executes instructions / arithmetic and logic | CPU / ALU | CA-02-02 |
| Volatile workspace / persistent storage | RAM / SSD | CA-02-05, CA-02-06 |
| Detects written characters / marked bubbles / magnetic-ink cheque line | OCR / OMR / MICR | CA-02-03 |
| Operating-system resource control | OS (system software) | CA-03-02 |
| Relatively human-friendly command interface | GUI / CLI | CA-03-04 |
| Character code / character encoding | Unicode / UTF-8 | CA-04-03 |
| Formula recalculates after copying | Relative/absolute reference | CA-05-03 |
| Website name records / full address | DNS / URL | CA-06-03 |
| Hidden email recipient / visible additional recipient | BCC / CC | CA-06-05 |
| Local frames / inter-network packets | Switch / Router | CA-07-04 |
| 32-bit / 128-bit / usually 48-bit address | IPv4 / IPv6 / Ethernet MAC | CA-07-06 |
| Web / outgoing mail / inbox synchronization | HTTP / SMTP / IMAP | CA-07-07 |
| Records, tables, relational keys | Database / DBMS / SQL | CA-08-01 to CA-08-04 |
| Host-attached / autonomously spreading / disguised malware | Virus / Worm / Trojan | CA-09-01 |
| Email / text / call social engineering | Phishing / Smishing / Vishing | CA-09-02 |
| Identity proof / access rights | Authentication / Authorization | CA-09-04 |
| Confidentiality / digest / origin-integrity proof | Encryption / Hash / Digital signature | CA-09-05 |
| Incoming credit / outgoing debit | Verify receipt / Review before authorizing | CA-09-08 |
| Hosted app / hosted runtime / virtual infrastructure | SaaS / PaaS / IaaS | CA-10-01 |
| Logic and technology pioneers | Babbage / Lovelace / Turing / Hopper | CA-11-02 |
One-page self-testing method
- Read a heading (for example, network protocols) and recall four names before looking at its table.
- For each name, give one job and one easily confused neighbour: SMTP sends; IMAP accesses a mailbox.
- Attempt the associated 12 MCQs without notes, then read every answer explanation, including correctly guessed answers.
- Mark uncertainties in three columns: acronym, concept pair, and historical fact. Review the matching earlier lesson ID rather than repeatedly memorizing the same wrong association.
- On the next review, try applied scenarios first. Recognizing the correct answer when choices are visible is easier than recalling it independently.
Master exam traps to avoid
- Do not use CPU as a synonym for the entire desktop cabinet.
- Do not confuse a unit's printed symbol:
MBandMbdiffer by a factor of eight. - Do not treat Unicode as identical to the ASCII coding scheme.
- Do not assume Web, Internet, browser and search engine are interchangeable.
- Do not assume an encrypted link guarantees that the site using it is honest.
- Do not mistake scanned QR for NFC, which is radio communication.
- Do not accept a blanket “first computer” claim without knowing the qualifying definition.
- Do not confuse receiving money with authorizing a payment request.
Sources and further reading
The teaching text and questions are original. These references provide authoritative context for historical facts, standards and practical safety distinctions; they are optional further reading, not prerequisites for using this module.
- Computer History Museum — Babbage Engine: A Brief History — Babbage, the Analytical Engine and Lovelace.
- Computer History Museum — Computing Timeline — historical milestones, computing systems and software development.
- Computer History Museum — Grace Murray Hopper — compilers, programming languages and COBOL contributions.
- CERN — The Birth of the Web — invention of the Web, distinct from the Internet.
- CERN — A Short History of the Web — early Web browser, server and project history.
- C-DAC — HPC Supercomputing Systems — PARAM series and indigenous supercomputing.
- MDN — Overview of HTTP — requests, responses and HTTP behaviour.
- RFC 791 — Internet Protocol and RFC 8200 — IPv6 — foundational IP versions.
- RFC 5737 — Documentation IPv4 Addresses and RFC 3849 — Documentation IPv6 Prefix — reserved examples.
- NIST — Multi-Factor Authentication — factor definitions.
- NIST — Phishing — phishing and impersonation.
- NIST SP 800-63B — Authentication Guidance — authentication and phishing resistance.